Muffler for internal combustion engines



Nov. 24, 1931. c. R. MINER 1,833,256

MUFFLER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 23, 1930 menkoz'Patented Nov. 24, 1.931

lunifi#En STATES v CIIAnnmBMIIINEmor: sAN FRANCISCO,` CALIFORNIA,AjssIGNonoF'joN .NIKE mmoaorwszm .IsIulNCIsco,:CALIFORNIA` Non INTERNALCoivInUsTIoN ENGINEs 'n Application .medY Ianary 23, 1930.'.` 'seriai;No. i 4131159. t

The invention relates-toimulers lfor use wlth lnternal combustIonengines, an'dhas a`s?its object to provide means for'drawing intothemuffler -air from-the outside atmosphere, heating the air withiny themulller and thoroughly mixing it with the exhaust gases, therebyproducing a mixture which is lighter than the cold air and which willtherefore rise and become thoroughly diffused with the atmosphere, thuspreventing carbon monloxide poisoning. Moreover, Vthe heated aircombines readily with the carbon monoxide, both within Athe muliler andafter passing from the same, thus producing carbon dioxide, which isnon-poisonous.

The present invention attains` the above object in a simple andeflicient manner, without the use of chemicals. The device isinexpensive and entirely automatic in its operation. f

The invention will be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawnigs setting forth ,a simple embodiment of theinvention. s

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section through the improved muller,the exhaust pipe from the engine and the exhaust from the muffler beingindicated in elevation;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the device; and

Figs. 3 and flare sections on lines 3--3 and 4 4 respectively of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, A denotesthe exhaust pipe from the engine, Bdenotes the muffler generally, andy C the exhaust from the muliler.V

As shown, the muler comprises an outer.

ing suitable perforations therein. `Preferf ably the perforations areformed by punching the metal outwardly, leaving a portion of the metalextending in the direction of gas" low, thus serving to directthe lowofgasesl toward the muller exhaust. The perforations 12 are provided inthe forward end of the sleeve and on the major portion of itscircumference,l leaving, however, an unperi forated portion 13 at therear end of the sleeve. 4 The sleeve 11 mayzbesecuredftothe outervcasing" by. any suitable means `1.4y well known in thev mufllerart.vFittedfwithin Athe r sleeve V11 is ,an inner sleeve .-15 f .which Y is.materially shorter .than the outer sleeve, and'is perforated throughoutits circumference a-ndalsoat the' forward portion..A These. perforations.designatedat 17 are similar .to theperforations .12.intheoutersleevefzandare.desi ed to direct gases in .aeforward direction. LYreferahlytheperforations 17' .are .out` of; alignment with theperforations 12, so `thatva .thorough mixing of gases will be insured.`'The sleeve 7.15. is langedat its .rear end .as at. 16, Iand .theseflanges itagainst-.the outer-sleeve. `Suitable connectionslz .between.tthe inner and outer sleevesare also. provided. I

. The .arrangement ofzthen-sleev'es described above leavesat the` rearofthe muler a chamber '18" f'whicha-is closed. at Lthe. sides .by theunperforated portionv 13.. of the .outer .sleeve and artiallyclosedatftheforwardendfby theA ange .16. .Atthereapportion of the chamber.181lthere isprovided aplatev. 19 perforated throughout its area as at20,.and centrally.apertured to: permit the engineexhaust pipe .A to passtherethrough. The ,purpose of the perforations 20. to 'permit air to .bedrawninto the-chamber 18.31111 thence into the muler. by. means .of thesuction. produced by the ordinaryoperatonof the mulitler.`

y.In operation the. exhaust gases enterthe space -within the; 4innerfsleevel; through the engine exhaustpipe .Arandlthese gasespassspacebetweenthe Y,two sleeves, .thence intothe space betweenzthe ,outerfsleeve. and. the casing, Y from whichthey passoutwardly throughthemulller exhaust. intoathe atmosphere. v

' The passageof the exhaust., gases produces a suction which draws. airAfromethe. outside atmos herezthroughthe perforations 20.. into thereatively:large chamber 18 surrounding the engine exhaust, pipe. .Thisair` isheated Incontra 'ro A y,

` thence.throughythe,perforations 17 .into the by contact with theexhaust.pipe.A',and asit is drawnf into Vthe yinner .chamber itbecomesmixedv with the exhaust gases. Further admixture `takes place.. inpassing .through staggeredvk perforations tof .the mulller, fand at thesame time further heating results. The result is that by the time thegases and air pass from the muffler exhaust C, a thorough admixture ofthe gas and air and the heating of the air has taken place. This gaseousmixture due to the heating of the air is considerably lighter than thecoldair outside of the muffler, and as a result the mixture passing fromC risesand becomes thoroughly diffused with the outside atmosphere..Moreover, a certain proportion of the heated air has combined with thecarbon monoxide within the muffler. and further combination takes` placeon issuing from thek muffler, so that the poisonous effect of theexhaust gases 'is done awav with.

A particular embodiment of theinvention has been. described in detailfor the Apurpose of illustration. but it will be understood that theinvention is not to be limited to' such details.

What I claim is.:`

1. A muffler comprising an outer casing having an exhaust outlet at oneend. a sleeve fitted within the outer casing and perforated for themajor portion of its length. but having an unperforated portion at theend remote from the muffler exhaust outlet. an inner perforated sleevespaced from the firstmentioned sleeve and terminating adiacent thebeginning of the unperforated portion of the first-mentioned sleeve in adirection away from the exhaust outlet. kforming a chamber having anunperforated cvlindrical wall extending from the forward end .of theinner sleeve to the forward end of the muffler and surrounding theengine exhaust pipe. and an end plate havin!! perforations for theadmission of air to said chamber. and having a central opening to permitpassage of the engine` tending from the forward end of the innerL sleeveto the forward end of the muffler and surrounding the engine exhaustpipe.

3. A muffler comprising an outer casing, having an exhaust inlet at oneend and an exhaust outlet at the other, spaced concentric i perforatedsleeves within the outer casing, the outer of said sleeves having anunperforated portion toward the exhaust inlet, and the inner of saidsleeves terminating substantially at said unperforated portion andhaving an out-turned flange at the end thereof closely fitting the outersleeve and forming a chamber having an unperforated cylindrical wallsurrounding the exhaust inlet.

4. A muffler comprising an outer casing, having an exhaust inlet at oneend and an exhaust outlet at the other, spaced concentric perforatedsleeves within the outer casing, the outer of said sleeves having anunperforated portion toward the exhaust inlet, and the inner of saidsleeves terminating substantially at said unperforated portion andhaving an out-,turned flange at the end thereof closely fitting theouter sleeve and forming a chamber having an unperforated cylindricalwall surrounding the exhaust inlet, and means for admitting fresh air tosaid chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHARLES R." MINER.

